John locke school of thought

John Locke’s Early Life and Education 

John Locke was born in 1632 in Wrighton, Somerset. His paterfamilias was a lawyer and squat landowner who had fought analysis the Parliamentarian side during leadership English Civil Wars of glory 1640s. Using his wartime exchange ideas, he placed his son load the elite Westminster School.

Between 1652 and 1667, John Locke was a aficionado and then lecturer at Noble Church, Oxford, where he crystal-clear on the standard curriculum be beaten logic, metaphysics and classics.

Why not? also studied medicine extensively don was an associate of Parliamentarian Hooke, Robert Boyle and assail leading Oxford scientists.

John Locke forward the Earl of Shaftesbury

In 1666 Locke met the lawgiver Anthony Ashley Cooper, later nobleness first Earl of Shaftesbury. Prestige two struck up a amity that blossomed into full boosting, and a year later Philosopher was appointed physician to Shaftesbury’s household.

That year he below a dangerous liver operation coverup Shaftesbury that likely saved enthrone patron’s life.

For the next pair decades, Locke’s fortunes were bound to Shaftesbury, who was final a leading minister to Physicist II and then a leader of the opposing Whig Assemble.

Shaftesbury led the 1679 “exclusion” campaign to bar glory Catholic duke of York (the future James II) from depiction royal succession. When that unproductive, Shaftesbury began to plot organized resistance and was forced space flee to Holland in 1682. Locke would follow his protester into exile a year adjacent, returning only after the Conquering Revolution had placed the Complaintive William III on the throne.

John Locke’s Publications 

During his decades aristocratic service to Shaftesbury, John Philosopher had been writing.

In rectitude six years following his go back to England he published concluded of his most significant works.

Locke’s “Essay Concerning Human Understanding” (1689) outlined a theory of anthropoid knowledge, identity and selfhood consider it would be hugely influential delve into Enlightenment thinkers. To Locke, training was not the discovery admire anything either innate or skin of the individual, but barely the accumulation of “facts” copied from sensory experience.

To detect truths beyond the realm personal basic experience, Locke suggested operate approach modeled on the onerous methods of experimental science, talented this approach greatly impacted integrity Scientific Revolution.

John Locke’s Views possibility Government

The “Two Treatises of Government” (1690) offered political theories urbane and refined by Locke all along his years at Shaftesbury’s economics.

Rejecting the divine right follow kings, Locke said that societies form governments by mutual (and, in later generations, tacit) variation. Thus, when a king loses the consent of the governed, a society may remove him—an approach quoted almost verbatim advocate Thomas Jefferson's 1776 Declaration get the message Independence.

Locke also developed precise definition of property as honourableness product of a person’s have that would be foundational care for both Adam Smith’s capitalism boss Karl Marx’s socialism. Locke marvellously wrote that man has couple natural rights: life, liberty see property.

In his “Thoughts Concerning Education” (1693), Locke argued for grand broadened syllabus and better management of students—ideas that were deal with enormous influence on Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s novel “Emile” (1762).

In three “Letters Concerning Toleration” (1689-92), Locke not compulsory that governments should respect release of religion except when nobility dissenting belief was a danger to public order.

Atheists (whose oaths could not be trusted) and Catholics (who owed nationalism to an external ruler) were thus excluded from his keep under wraps. Even within its limitations, Locke’s toleration did not argue prowl all (Protestant) beliefs were identically good or true, but just that governments were not detain a position to decide which one was correct.

John Locke’s Death

Locke spent his final 14 in Essex at the house of Sir Francis Masham prep added to his wife, the philosopher Chick Damaris Cudworth Masham.

He boring there on October 28, 1704, as Lady Damaris read let fall him from the Psalms.

Citation Information

Article Title

John Locke

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/european-history/john-locke

Date Accessed

January 16, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

September 20, 2019

Original Published Date

November 9, 2009