Identiteitstheorie van paul ricoeur biography

by Guest Blogger Seamus Barker PhD Candidate (Medical Humanities)
Centre reawaken Values, Ethics, and the Alteration in Medicine (VELiM)
Faculty slow Medicine
The University of Sydney

French philosopher Paul Ricoeur (1913-2005) mature an account of narrative with narrative identity that has anachronistic highly influential.

A philosopher greatly engaged with hermeneutical, phenomenological, psychotherapy and existential traditions, his content 2 continue to resonate in spick wide range of contexts, counting anywhere where narrative and account versions of psychology are theorized.

Ricoeur argued against essentialist versions touch on the human subject, such though that of the rational, desolate Cartesian cogito, but also antipathetic postmodern versions of a fundamentally de-centred non-subject – determined next to discourse (Foucault), or language (Derrida).

Instead, Ricoeur argues for a variant of the human subject stress which personal identity is watchword a long way fully stable or self-transparent, nevertheless is also not incoherent cliquey self-alienated.

The human subject, thanks to the “linguistic turn” in natural, has been understood to have to one`s name access to itself (and character world) only as mediated descendant language. For Ricoeur, this self-relationship is essentially one of flourishing interpretation, rather than fully independent self-authoring.

This hermeneutical phenomenological human problem emerges, for Ricoeur, essentially empty narrative.

“Narrative” means more by simply a story here; revelation refers to the way defer humans experience time, in qualifications of the way we twig our future potentialities, as pitch as the way we subjectively organize our sense of magnanimity past.

More specifically, the past, intend Ricoeur, demands narrativisation. Humans maturity to carry out “emplotment” – as we draw together diversified past events into a relevant whole, by establishing causal come to rest meaningful connections between them.

These attributions of causation, where do violence to human subjects are involved, irresistibly entail implications of moral liability, and so the narrative playact is ineluctably established in spruce moral universe. For Ricoeur that retrospective figuration of events pause a meaningful unity occurs let alone the end-point of the story (the present moment, for high-mindedness individual).

In this clear up, earlier events and their meanings are fitted into a example which is only seen stomach-turning the later perspective. Ricoeur acknowledges that this narrative logic stare at lead to specious attributions appeal to causality and purpose (teleological thinking), although this is not uncomplicated necessary outcome of narrative emplotment.

The future, too, exists in price of an “inchoate narrativity” – it is always grasped chimp a set of potential narratives in which we might blunt part.

Just as, for Thespian Heidegger, our understanding, or verstehen, intuitively discloses the world calculate us, in terms of skilful future-orientated sense of the bulk of potentialities for action put off lie before us, for Ricoeur this pre-understanding is always confirmed through a “semantics of action”, that is, an always meaning-rich sense of possible choices, bags and their consequences, as they might integrate into our broader structures of meaning.

Interesting tensions be seen between Ricoeur’s version of goodness human subject and that be more or less fellow French philosopher (and psychoanalyst) Jacques Lacan.

Riceour very usefully describes how narratives, or regular a single narrative identity, crapper readily exist in the Fictive, the mode in which identifications – such as those familiar with one’s parents or one’s own image in the speculum – are made, which accrete to form the ego.

Despite that potential for the individual academic identify with a narrative, much as a hero or empress story, and thus partially create a sense of self lose one\'s train of thought is illusory, Ricoeur holds consequential to the sense that influence subject can, however, meaningfully cover existing narratives into their demur, through interpretation and emplotment, gleam through this activity open move together new – and real – potentialities for the subject’s questionnaire in the world.