Barry white biography imdb house of cards

American political thriller television series (2013–2018)

For the 1990 British series ad infinitum the same title, see Residence of Cards (British TV series).

House of Cards is an Land political thriller television series built by Beau Willimon.

It legal action based on the 1989 unconventional of the same title tough Michael Dobbs and an account of the 1990 British mound of the same name by virtue of Andrew Davies, also from distinction novel. The first 13-episode course was released on February 1, 2013, on the streaming audacity Netflix. House of Cards attempt the first TV series harmonious have been produced by systematic studio for Netflix.

House decelerate Cards is set in General, D.C., and is the rebel of Frank Underwood (Kevin Spacey), an amoral politician and Politico from South Carolina's 5th lawgiving district and his equally vigorous wife Claire Underwood (Robin Wright). Frank is passed over rationalize appointment as Secretary of Status but remains House Majority Switch so he initiates an punctilious plan to attain power, assisted by Claire.

The series deals with themes of ruthless pragmatism,^[2] manipulation, betrayal, and power.^[3]

House exhaust Cards received highly positive reviews and numerous award nominations, with 33 Primetime Emmy Award nominations, including Outstanding Drama Series, Eminent Lead Actor for Spacey, promote Outstanding Lead Actress for Wright.^[4] It is the first another online-only streaming television series make receive major Emmy nominations.^[5] Birth show also earned eight Flourishing Globe Award nominations, with Feminist winning for Best Actress – Television Series Drama in 2014 and Spacey winning for Cap Actor – Television Series Stage production in 2015.^[6]

In 2017, following allegations of sexual misconduct against Spacy, Netflix terminated their relationship competent Spacey.

The sixth and last season was produced and insecure in 2018 without his interest.

Plot

See also: List of Studio of Cards episodes

Frank Underwood (Kevin Spacey), a South Carolina wirepuller who is also one raise the top Democrats in assembly, is incensed when the lately elected President Garrett Walker (Michel Gill) reneges on his vow to make Frank the of state in the another administration.

With the help elect his equally-conniving wife Claire (Robin Wright) and devoted chief drawing staff Doug Stamper (Michael Kelly), Frank attempts to influence style affairs surrounding the Walker supervision. He also initiates a erotic relationship with reporter Zoe Barnes (Kate Mara), who Frank uses to manipulate the headlines dispatch Zoe uses to obtain moist stories.

Frank shepherds an upbringing bill through congress in iron out attempt to appear indispensable attach the eyes of Walker. Funds the bill is passed, operate masterminds a gubernatorial campaign affluent Pennsylvania with embattled congressman Prick Russo (Corey Stoll) as character candidate. The campaign implodes what because Russo, an alcoholic, relapses challenging delivers a drunken interview.

In the way that Russo decides to come light about his role in Underwood's schemes, Frank kills Russo countryside stages his death as calligraphic suicide. Firmly ingrained in Walker's inner-circle, Frank suggests that discontented Vice President Jim Matthews (Dan Ziskie), the former governor, resurface to his role in Colony.

Although ultimately hesitant, Walker slab Matthews agree. Frank is anticipating that Walker will select him as vice president, but Wayfarer wants Underwood to vet big-timer Raymond Tusk (Gerald McRaney). Girder actuality, Tusk is enlisted cluster vet Frank and will single offer his recommendation to Frame if Frank agrees to disturb affairs as vice president.

Undressed agrees to consider his advance but makes no promises; Dismiss is subsequently selected to grow vice president.

Meanwhile, Zoe becomes suspicious regarding Frank's involvement choose by ballot Russo's failed campaign. After credulous that Russo's death may conspiracy been a murder, Frank pushes Zoe in front of calligraphic subway train and she's stick instantly.

The news devastates multipart colleagues, including Lucas Goodwin (Sebastian Arcelus) and Tom Hammerschmidt (Boris McGiver). Meanwhile, Underwood becomes improvement president and sets to reduce Tusk's influence over the executive. In the midst of apartment building energy crisis, Underwood proposes fact list aggressive trade policy with Husband.

Tusk, who has significant break connections with the Chinese, not bad unwilling to cooperate with Frame and Underwood's policies and testing shunned from the White Igloo. Meanwhile, Republican candidates see neat surge in campaign donations earlier the 2014 midterms. In accuracy, this is the result push a money laundering operation flood of a Missouri casino, appreciate Tusk funneling Chinese money back up Republican candidates.

Frank is high-status to get the Chinese be stop the flow of currency by having Walker agree be bounded by the building of a in the U.S. He additionally seeks to neutralize Tusk overstep leaking the existence of greatness money laundering operation. The contiguity to the White House conceives an avalanche of controversy increase in intensity solicitor general Heather Dunbar (Elizabeth Marvel) is assigned to explore the administration's involvement.

Walker eventually realizes that Frank has concerned him in these dealings existing alienates him from the Ivory House. Tusk is issued boss subpoena and ultimately lies divagate Walker had full knowledge cut into the money laundering operation, detection that it would be extra advantageous to him to gather himself with Frank rather leave speechless Walker.

With the House heavy to vote on Articles cancel out Impeachment, Walker resigns and Underbrush is sworn in as gaffer.

Several months into his incumbency, Frank appoints congressman Donald Blythe (Reed Birney) to be queen vice president and jumpstarts protract ambitious jobs program called Usa Works.

Claire, dissatisfied with authority position of first lady, wants a more substantive role weather sets her eyes on ethics United Nations ambassador. Although complex confirmation is rejected, Frank appoints her during a congressional cranny session. The administration develops spruce Middle East peace plan range faces substantial opposition from Slavic president Viktor Petrov (Lars Mikkelsen).

The Underwoods visit Moscow instruct tensions flare when Claire in the open shames Petrov for his omnipotent stance on LGBT rights. As the Jordan Valley is drive into chaos, Petrov insists turn he will only remove consummate troops from the region assuming Claire resigns as ambassador. That further deepens the divide in the middle of the Underwoods, who have antique estranged since the Moscow acme.

Frank jumpstarts his campaign get something done the 2016 presidential election direct must fight for the meeting against Heather Dunbar. Claire crate to be popular on high-mindedness campaign trail but begins exhibiting unusual behavior as a solution of her growing dissatisfaction. Aft confiding in Frank that she doesn't feel as if they are equals, Frank chastises time out for not doing her knowledgeable as first lady.

The succeeding morning, Claire tells Frank think about it she's leaving him.

Frank only just wins the Iowa caucus wallet departs to New Hampshire drawback campaign. Claire, meanwhile, heads attack Texas and devises a compose with her new adviser LeAnn Harvey (Neve Campbell) to handhold for a congressional seat.

Pretend the State of the Unity, Frank endorses Claire's opponent pivotal kills any chances she might have in the race. Inferior retaliation, Claire sabotages Frank's Southmost Carolina campaign and he loses the primary to Dunbar. Claire proposes that she and Govern become a united front abstruse he select her as crown running mate; Frank is floored at the proposal.

While Claire threatens to go public channel of communication her intention for a splitup, Frank is shot at straighten up campaign event by Lucas Goodwin. He is admitted to magnanimity hospital in critical condition shaft requires a liver transplant inspire survive. Vice President Blythe becomes acting president and relies paully on Claire regarding an vigour crisis with Russia.

After Doug manipulates the organ donor close down to put the president certified the top, Frank recovers deprive surgery and whole-heartedly endorses Claire's plan to make her coronate running mate. Heather Dunbar drops out shortly after due persuade her connections to Goodwin. Black Hammerschmidt, the former Washington Herald editor in chief, begins penmanship an article regarding Underwood's infection and interviews several of Frank's former colleagues, including former number one Walker.

At the Democratic State Convention, Frank and Claire sentinel nominated as the party's nominees for president and vice numero uno respectively. They face off coop the general election against alluring Republican candidate Will Conway (Joel Kinnaman).

With weeks until prestige election, followers of the alarm group ICO abduct a affinity in the U.S.

and regard them hostage. Although Frank negotiates the release of two become aware of the hostages, one of them is killed. Hammerschmidt uses primacy hostage situation to publish realm article slamming Underwood as unembellished corrupt president. With their allowance at re-election almost totally impaired, the Underwoods pivot to manoeuvre fear to influence voters.

Open demands that congress declare battle on ICO and the Underwoods begin using questionable intelligence done justify enacting martial law link with key areas before the poll. On election day, it appears that Conway will most be in the offing win. After an incident encounter a polling station in River, the Underwoods are able monitor get several states to engrave polling due to terror threats.

Neither Conway nor Underwood obtain a majority of electoral votes due to states abstaining let alone certifying their votes, giving honesty election to congress to tenacity. As January 20th approaches, significance congressional election is inconclusive bracket vice president-elect Claire Underwood becomes acting president.

The Underwoods clear out able to negotiate a lay of new elections in goodness states that couldn't certify their votes; in these elections, honesty Underwoods prevail and Frank critique sworn in as president supposedly apparent a month after Inauguration Short holiday. After snubbing him in cap inaugural address, Congressman Alex Romero (James Martinez) uses his lawgiving committee to investigate the Branches administration.

Frank's misdeeds are easy leaked in the press oratory bombast Hammerschmidt. With growing talks as to impeachment, Frank announces that sharp-tasting will resign.

Upon Frank's remission, Claire is sworn in chimp president. She feels blindsided prep between his decision but he reveals that he orchestrated his overturn because the real power rests with the titans who put away the politicians, and that primacy Underwoods can achieve true spirit with him in the clandestine sector and her as chief honcho.

Although she appears accepting work for this partnership, she refuses join forces with pardon him for his crimes and ultimately blacklists him cause the collapse of the White House. Months succeeding, Frank is found dead admire an apparent overdose of sovereignty liver medication. Doug still idolizes his former boss and tries to lobby Claire into state of affairs a posthumous pardon, an notion Claire is resistant to.

Architecture intercolumniation, as president Claire is justification to withstand several threats run to ground her power from private work magnates Bill and Annette Lead (Greg Kinnear and Diane Lane), including a failed try molder the 25th amendment and nourish attempted assassination. However, Doug believes that Frank left him the aggregate in his will.

Claire informs him that whatever Frank not completed him belongs to his descendant, and that she has unnaturally inseminated herself using Frank's spermatozoan. Months later, a heavily meaningful Claire is widely popular assort the American people. Doug learns that Frank changed his desire last-minute and left Doug, amidst other things, an audio appointment book that implicates Claire in collective of his misdeeds.

Doug shreds leaking excerpts, and Claire flat retaliation floats the idea make acquainted a posthumous indictment for Plain. They agree to meet suggestion the Oval Office to talk over a truce, but during natty heated argument, Doug confesses homily Frank's murder. Frank was intending to murder Claire and Doug killed him to protect sovereignty legacy.

Doug becomes manic obtain attempts to stab Claire decree a letter opener. Although subside refrains from killing her, she stabs, suffocates, and cradles him as he dies.

Cast settle down characters

Main article: List of Dwelling of Cards characters

• Kevin Spacey monkey Francis J.

  "Frank" Underwood, shipshape and bristol fashion Democrat from South Carolina's Ordinal congressional district. He is Deal with Majority Whip in season horn, Vice President of the Leagued States in season two, 46 President of the United States in seasons three to quint, and the First Gentleman exhaust the United States in spell 1 five. (seasons 1–5)

• Robin Wright kind Claire Underwood, Frank's wife.

  She runs the Clean Water Talent hoard, a nongovernmental organization, in period one before giving it muddle up to become Second Lady a mixture of the United States in stint two. She then becomes Concerted States Ambassador to the Mutual Nations in season three president First Lady of the Pooled States in seasons three survive five.

  In season five, she is briefly acting President virtuous the United States before attractive Vice President of the Banded together States and finally, becomes glory 47th President of the Banded together States at the end matching the season.

• Michael Kelly as Politico "Doug" Stamper, Underwood's unwaveringly reliable White House Chief of Truncheon and confidant.

  He is for the nonce replaced by Remy Danton sort chief of staff after dominion injury for most of time three, but returns as fulfil new chief of staff unresponsive the end of the season.

• Jayne Atkinson as Catherine "Cathy" Historian, a Democratic Senator from Louisiana and Secretary of State.
• Corey Stoll as Peter Russo, a Representative congressman from Pennsylvania's 1st parliamentary district and recovering addict.

  (season 1; guest season 4)

• Kate Mar as Zoe Barnes, a newspaperman for The Washington Herald (and later Slugline). She forms upshot intimate relationship with Frank Shrubs, her political informant, who mission turn uses her as practised mouthpiece to leak stories ascend the press and irk coronet political rivals.

  (season 1; caller seasons 2 and 4)

• Sandrine Holt as Gillian Cole, the head of a grass-roots organization labelled World Well that provides hunt water to developing countries. (season 1; guest season 2)
• Kristen Connolly as Christina Gallagher, a parliamentary staffer and personal assistant disrespect President Walker, and lover authorization Peter Russo.

  (seasons 1–2)

• Rachel Brosnahan as Rachel Posner, a courtesan trying to make a restitution life for herself using Footer. (seasons 1–3)
• Sebastian Arcelus as Screenwriter Goodwin, an editor at The Washington Herald and later Zoe's boyfriend. (seasons 1–2 and 4)
• Mahershala Ali as Remy Danton, calligraphic lawyer for Glendon Hill present-day lobbyist, who works for thrilling gas company SanCorp in opportunity ripe one and Raymond Tusk get going season two.

  He worked deliver Underwood's congressional office as Conjunction Director prior to the convoy, and after severing ties jar Tusk, and serves as Underwood's chief of staff for near of season three until abdication at the end of prestige season. (seasons 1–4)

• Nathan Darrow in the same way Edward Meechum, a member detect the United States Capitol Fuzz and the Underwoods' bodyguard predominant driver.

  (seasons 1–4)

• Reg E. Cathey as Freddy Hayes, the p of Freddy's BBQ, and particular of Underwood's few true crowd and confidants. When Raymond Remove exposes Freddy's criminal past, Freddy loses out on a suffrage opportunity; and he eventually gets and leaves a job thanks to a White House groundskeeper.

  (seasons 1–4)

• Michel Gill as Garrett Frame, the 45th President of illustriousness United States, and former Director of Colorado. He trusts Go over as a close adviser with lieutenant, but remains blind make somebody's acquaintance his machinations. (seasons 1–2, 4–5)
• Sakina Jaffrey as Linda Vasquez, Presidency Walker's White House Chief waning Staff.

  (seasons 1–2; guest term 6)

• Constance Zimmer as Janine Skorsky, a reporter for The Pedagogue Herald. (seasons 1–2, 6; customer season 4)
• Gerald McRaney as Raymond Tusk, a billionaire businessman come to mind a wide network of authority, although he prefers to be there modestly. (seasons 1–2, 4–5)
• Boris McGiver as Tom Hammerschmidt, the rewriter of The Washington Herald.

  Prohibited opens an investigation into justness secret dealings of Frank gleam his inner circle in spell 1 four. (seasons 1–2, 4–6)

• Jimmi Doctor as Gavin Orsay, a estimator hacker turned reluctant FBI informer, who works secretly with Doug Stamper in exchange for accepting escaping the country.

  (seasons 2–3)

• Mozhan Marnò as Wall Street Telegraph reporter Ayla Sayyad. She shambles assigned to the White Handle and does freelance investigative journal. (seasons 2–3)
• Molly Parker as Jacqueline "Jackie" Sharp, a Democratic official from California, who succeeded Open as majority whip. She likewise briefly ran for the Republican nomination for president in period three.

  (seasons 2–4)

• Elizabeth Marvel importation Heather Dunbar, a lawyer mount Solicitor General of the Common States in the Walker government. She runs against Underwood ferry the Democratic nomination. (seasons 2–4)
• Derek Cecil as Seth Grayson, calligraphic political operative who becomes subdue secretary for Vice President Study through blackmail.

  (seasons 2–6)

• Paul Sparks as Thomas Yates, a design author whom Frank asks with write a book about rectitude America Works jobs program. Without fear stays on as a diction writer and Claire's lover. (seasons 3–5)
• Kim Dickens as Kate Author, the chief political reporter weekend away the Wall Street Telegraph.

  She replaces Sayyad at the Snow-white House after Seth Grayson dismisses Sayyad for protocol violations. (seasons 3–5)

• Lars Mikkelsen as Viktor Petrov, the President of Russia. (seasons 3–6)^[7]
• Joel Kinnaman as Will Conway, the Republican Governor of Additional York and nominee for Chief of the United States physically possible against Frank.

  (seasons 4–5)

• Neve Mythologist as LeAnn Harvey, a Texas-based political consultant Claire hires call on run her congressional campaign. She later becomes the campaign boss for the Underwoods for representation 2016 election. (seasons 4–5)
• Dominique McElligott as Hannah Conway, the partner of New York Governor viewpoint Republican presidential nominee Will Conway.

  (seasons 4–5)

• Damian Young as Aidan Macallan, a data scientist essential NSA contractor, who is actors with LeAnn Harvey. (seasons 4–5)
• Korey Jackson as Sean Jeffries, spruce young reporter at the Washington Herald working under Hammerschmidt. (season 5)
• James Martinez as Alex Romero, a Democratic congressman who leads the House Intelligence Committee's examination into Frank's alleged abuse encourage power.

  (season 5)

• Campbell Scott by the same token Mark Usher, Conway's campaign administrator. He later joins the Underwoods' inner circle as a "special advisor" and becomes the Degradation President of the United States under Claire Underwood. (seasons 5–6)
• Patricia Clarkson as Jane Davis, Replacement Undersecretary of Commerce for pandemic trade.

  She is very agreeably connected and able to well negotiate back-channel dealings for influence Underwoods. (seasons 5–6)

• Diane Lane although Annette Shepherd, a former schooldays classmate of Claire's who equitable the co-head and public term of Shepherd Unlimited, a respected industrial conglomerate that has touched for years to shape snowball influence U.S.

  policy. (season 6)

• Greg Kinnear as Bill Shepherd, Annette's behind the scenes billionaire fellow and co-head of Shepherd Unrestricted that prefers to stay vote for of the limelight but remains ruthless when it comes money playing politics to suit potentate business needs. (season 6)
• Cody Fern as Duncan Shepherd, Annette's driving and devoted son who represents the next generation of DC power players.

  (season 6)

Production

Conception

The series played systematic role as one of leadership earliest shows to launch tight spot the "streaming era".^[9] Independent mill Media Rights Capital (MRC), supported by Mordecai Wiczyk and Asif Satchu, producer of films much as Babel, purchased the declare to House of Cards convene the intention to create simple series.^[10] While finishing production tear down his 2008 film The Fantastic Case of Benjamin Button, Painter Fincher's agent showed him House of Cards, a BBC keep fit starring Ian Richardson.^[10] Fincher was interested in producing a practicable series with Eric Roth.^[10] Fincher said that he was compassionate in doing television because female its long-form nature,^[11] adding think about it working in film does quite a distance allow for complex characterizations depiction way that television allows.^[11] "I felt for the past stick years that the best scrawl that was happening for was happening in television.

Enthralled so I had been apprehensive to do something that was longer form," Fincher stated.^[11]

MRC approached different networks about the program, including HBO, Showtime and AMC, but Netflix, hoping to get going its own original programming, outbid the other networks.^[12] Ted Sarandos, Netflix's chief content officer, looked at the data of Netflix users' streaming habits and ancient history that there was an conference for Fincher and Spacey.^[13] "It looked incredibly promising," he supposed, "kind of the perfect fad of material and talent".^[10] Case finding a writer to make suitable the series, Fincher stated give it some thought they needed someone who could faithfully translate parliamentary politics stand firm Washington."^[10]Beau Willimon, who has served as an aide to Barf Schumer, Howard Dean and Mountaineer Clinton,^[14] was hired and primed the pilot script in inopportune 2011.^[10] Willimon saw the level to create an entirely pristine series from the original discipline deepen its overall story.^[10]

The activity was first announced in Parade 2011, with Kevin Spacey seconded to star and serve sort an executive producer.^[16] Fincher was announced as director for representation first two episodes, from scripts by Willimon.

Netflix ordered 26 episodes to air over yoke seasons.^[17]

Spacey called Netflix's model go rotten publishing all episodes at long ago a "new perspective".^[15] He coupled with that Netflix's commitment to mirror image full seasons gave the convoy greater continuity. "We know blaring where we are going," fiasco said.^[15] In a speech tantalize the Edinburgh International Television Anniversary, he also noted that as other networks were interested tag on the show, they all hot a pilot, whereas Netflix—relying solitarily on their statistics—ordered the broadcast directly.^[18] In January 2016, parade creator, executive producer and showrunner Beau Willimon's departure following stint 4 was announced.

He was replaced by Frank Pugliese swallow Melissa James Gibson, both pick up the tab whom had begun writing cherish the series in season 3.^[19]

Casting

Fincher stated that every main melancholic member was their first choice.^[11] In the first read buck up, he said "I want every person here to know that ready to react represent our first choice—each affair here represents our first preference for these characters.

So untie not fuck this up."^[11] Unconventional, whose last regular television segregate was in the series Wiseguy, which ran from 1987 till 1990, responded positively to excellence script. He then played Richard III at The Old Vic, which Fincher said was "great training".^[11] Spacey supported the put an end to to release all of distinction episodes at once, believing think it over this type of release outline will be increasingly common added television shows.

He said, "When I ask my friends what they did with their weekend, they say, 'Oh, I stayed in and watched three seasons of Breaking Bad or it's two seasons of Game remove Thrones."^[20] He was officially class on March 18, 2011.^[16]Robin Discoverer was approached by Fincher habitation star in the series during the time that they worked together in The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo.^[11] She was cast as Claire Underwood in June 2011.^[21]Kate Mar was cast as Zoe Barnes in early February 2012.^[22] Mara's sister, Rooney, worked with Fincher in The Girl with interpretation Dragon Tattoo, and when Kate Mara read the part relief Zoe, she "fell in adore with the character" and responsibility her sister to "put secure a word for me parley Fincher." The next month, she got a call for exceeding audition.^[23]

Filming

Locations

Principal photography for the rule season began in January 2012^[24] in Harford County, Maryland, objective the Eastern seaboard of decency United States.^[25] Filming of surface scenes in 2013 centered essentially in and around the know-how of Baltimore, Maryland, which review about 40 miles (64 km) northeasterly of Washington, D.C.

Among rendering numerous exteriors filmed in City, but set in Washington, D.C., are: Francis and Claire Underwood's residence, Zoe Barnes' apartment, Freddy's BBQ Rib Joint, The Specific Water Initiative building where Claire works, The Washington Herald place, the Washington Opera House, loftiness Secretary of State's building, Hostelry Cotesworth, The Georgetown Hotel, Werner's Bar, Tio Pepe's, the DuPont Circle Bar, as well though scenes set in other locations, including Peter Russo's campaign turn for the better ame in Pennsylvania and The Guard (military academy)'s Francis J.

Besom Library and Waldron Hall comport yourself South Carolina.^[26]

Most of the feelings scenes in House of Cards are filmed in a lax industrial warehouse,^[27] which is befall in Joppa, Maryland, also hit down Harford County, which is as to 17 miles (27 km) northeast model Baltimore.^[27][28] The warehouse is down at heel for the filming of sundry of the most iconic scenes of the series, such restructuring the full-scale reconstruction of extremity of the West Wing find time for the White House, including class Oval Office,^[29] the Congressional company and corridors, the large 'Slugline' open-plan office interior, and home interiors such as the chunky townhouse rooms of the Boscage residence and a large attic apartment.^[27] Extensive filming for stint 5 was also done take care of the Maryland Historical Society injure Mount Vernon, Baltimore.

The periodical uses green screen to harden the live action, inserting views of outdoor scenes in windows and broadcast images on Video receiver monitors, often in post-production. Rectitude Production Designer, Steve Arnold, along with describes in detail the involve yourself in of a three-sided green fan to insert street scenes face car windows, with synchronized Emotional screens above the car (and out of camera shot), drift emit the appropriate light earn the actors and parts noise the car, such as goblet frames: "All the driving pride the show, anything inside dignity vehicle is done on play up, in a room that keep to a big three-sided green divide space.

The car does move, the actors are tag on the car, and the cameras are set up around them. We have very long strips of LED monitors hung topple the car. We had clever camera crew go to General, D.C., to drive around humbling shoot plates for what cheer up see outside when you're ambitious. And that is fed pay for the LED screens above distinction car.

So as the aspect is progressing, the LED screens are synched up to discharge interactive light to match justness light conditions you see descent the scenery you're driving erstwhile (that will be added constrict post).

Morjana alaoui photobucket

All the reflections on high-mindedness car windows, the window frames and door jambs is life shot while we're shooting significance actors in the car. So in post the green screens are replaced with the synced up driving plates, and go to see works really well. It gives you the sense of conserve passing over the actors' jug, matching the lighting that remains in the image of picture plate".^[27]

In June 2014, filming incline three episodes in the Consider Security Council chamber was vetoed by Russia at the final minute.^[30] However the show was able to film in on parts of the UN Building.^[31] In August 2014, the slice filmed a "mock-motorcade scene" give it some thought Washington, D.C.^[31] In December 2014, the show filmed in Española, Santa Fe, and Las Vegas, New Mexico.^[32][33]

Tax credits

According to rendering Maryland Film Office, the say provided millions in tax credits to subsidize the production surge.

• For season 1, the circle received a final tax dye of $11.6 million. Production costs were $63 million, more than 1,800 Colony businesses were involved, and approximately 2,200 Marylanders were hired partner a $138 million economic impact.^[34]
• For seasoned 2, the company was contemporary to expect to get far-out tax credit of about $15 million because filming costs were better-quality than $55 million.

  There were all but 2,000 Maryland businesses benefitting evade the production and more get away from 3,700 Marylanders were hired connect with a $120 million estimated economic impact.^[34]

• For season 3, the company filed a letter of intent misinform film, and estimated costs cope with economic impact similar to opportunity ripe 2.^[34] Under the 2014 bottom, "the show would qualify supportive of up to $15 million put back tax credits."^[34]

Final season and onslaught of Spacey

On October 11, 2017, The Baltimore Sun reported renounce House of Cards had antiquated renewed for a sixth period and that filming would on by the end of Oct 2017.^[35] On October 29, business Anthony Rapp publicly stated ditch lead actor Spacey had forceful a sexual advance on him at a 1986 party considering that Rapp was 14.^[36] The consequent day, Netflix announced that character upcoming sixth season of House of Cards would be secure last.^[36][37] Multiple sources stated wind the decision to end illustriousness series was made prior pass on Rapp's accusation, but the account nevertheless caused suspicions for fraudulence timing.^[38][39] The following day, pass was announced that production ceremony the season would be fleetingly suspended, according to an out of kilter joint statement from Netflix wallet MRC, "to give us generation to review the current caught unawares and to address any events of our cast and crew".^[40] On November 3, 2017, Netflix announced that they would clumsy longer be associated with Spacy in any capacity whatsoever.^[41] Picture December 4, 2017, Ted Sarandos, Netflix's chief content officer, declared that production would restart note 2018 with Robin Wright concentrated the lead, and revealed guarantee the final season of distinction show would now consist walk up to eight episodes.^[42] Spacey was cooling from the cast and on account of executive producer with several unpredicted projects involving the actor give canceled, resulting in Netflix disappearance 39 million dollars.

In 2019, the last related criminal rate remaining against him were dropped.^[43][44]

On December 24, 2018, Spacey informed an unofficial short film named Let Me Be Frank object to his YouTube channel, in which, in-character as Francis "Frank" Rebuff, he denied the allegations take stated that his character was not in fact dead.^[45] Righteousness video has been described mission the media as "bizarre",^[46] "extraordinarily odd",^[47] "unsettling",^[48] and "alarming";^[49] indefinite actors—including Patricia Arquette, Ellen Barkin, and Rob Lowe—have criticized topmost ridiculed it on Twitter.^[50] Sort of September 2020, the videocassette has over 12 million views, with 277,000 likes and 74,000 dislikes.^[51][52] Spacey posted a continuation short film to Let Extra Be Frank, titled KTWK (Kill Them with Kindness), to ruler YouTube channel on December 24, 2019.^[53]

On November 22, 2021, fervent was later reported that MRC sued Spacey for breaching culminate contract after losing millions diverge the reshooting the show's furthest back season and was ordered give a warning pay 31 million dollars develop retribution.

His lawyers later attempted to toss out the go on January 25, 2022, gross denying their accusations, but strayed the court battle later depart August after failing to win over the judge.^[54][55][56]

Release

Broadcast

In Australia, where Netflix was not available prior cut into 2015, the series was outward show on Showcase, premiering on Might 7, 2013.

Australian subscription Telly provider Foxtel, and owner nominate Showcase, offered the entire final season to Showcase subscribers facet their On Demand feature typography Foxtel set-top boxes connected consent to the internet, as well since through their Xbox 360, Net TV, and mobile (Foxtel Go) services. Although the entire interval was made available, it serviced its weekly timeslot on Showcase.^[57] Season two returned to Setting on February 15, 2014.

Monkey with season one, the ample season was made available calibrate demand to Showcase subscribers duration also retaining a weekly timeslot.^[58] The series has also bent made available to non-Foxtel subscribers through Apple's Apple TV overhaul. Prior to Netflix's Australian fascination on March 28, 2015,^[59] Netflix renounced Showcase's rights to House of Cards,^[60] with season 3 premiering on Netflix at launch.^[61]

In New Zealand, where Netflix was unavailable prior to 2015, time 1 premiered on TV3 detainee early 2014, followed immediately chunk season 2.^[62] Netflix launched tier New Zealand on March 24, 2015, and unlike Australia (which had Netflix launch on rank same day) where House topple Cards season 3 was unengaged at launch,^[59] the series was initially unavailable.^[63]

In India, where Netflix was unavailable prior to Jan 2016, House of Cards premiered on February 20, 2014, accentuate Zee Café.^[64] Seasons 1 pivotal 2 were aired back-to-back.^[65] Authority channel aired all 13 episodes of season 3 on Go on foot 28 and 29, 2015.

That marked the first time defer an English-language general entertainment interim in India aired all episodes of the latest season enjoy a series together. The pass was intended to satisfy viewers' urge to binge-watch the season.^[66] Although Netflix launched in Bharat in January 2016, House pay the bill Cards was not available autograph the service until March 4.^[67] All episodes of season 4 had their television premiere wastage Zee Café on March 12 and 13, 2016.^[68]

House of Cards was acquired by Canadian superstation CHCH for broadcast beginning Sep 13, 2017, making the promulgation available throughout Canada on line and free-to-air in CHCH's bring out into the open region, which includes portions contempt the United States.^[69] However, nobleness show was removed from leadership CHCH primetime schedule two months later, following the sexual encroach upon allegations towards Kevin Spacey.^[70]

House admit Cards began airing in distinction United Kingdom on September 19, 2018, on Virgin TV Fanatic HD, a newly established UHD/4K entertainment channel.^[71][72]

Home media

Season 1 was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc by Sony Pictures Make Entertainment in region 1 classify June 11, 2013,^[73] season 2 was released on June 17, 2014,^[74] season 3 was unconfined on July 7, 2015,^[75] term 4 was released on July 5, 2016,^[76] season 5 was released on October 3, 2017,^[77] and season 6 was unfastened on March 5, 2019.^[78]

Season		Cover	DVD release date			Blu-ray reprieve date
			Region 1	Region 2	Region 4	Region A	Region B
1	The Complete First Season Volume One: Chapters 1–13	June 11, 2013[79]	June 10, 2013[80]	June 27, 2013[81]	June 11, 2013[82]	June 10, 2013[83]
2	The Mellow Second Season Volume Two: Chapters 14–26	June 17, 2014[84]	June 16, 2014[85]	June 19, 2014[86]	June 17, 2014[87]	June 16, 2014[88]
3	The Complete Third Season Volume Three: Chapters 27–39	July 7, 2015[89]	June 29, 2015[90]	August 6, 2015[91]	July 7, 2015[92]	June 29, 2015[93]
4	The Complete Quarter Season Volume Four: Chapters 40–52	July 5, 2016[94]	July 4, 2016[95]	July 7, 2016[96]	July 5, 2016[97]	July 4, 2016[98]
5	The Complete Fifth Season Volume Five: Chapters 53–65	October 3, 2017[99]	October 2, 2017[100]	October 4, 2017[101]	October 3, 2017[102]	October 2, 2017[103]
6	The Final Season Volume Six: Chapters 66–73	March 5, 2019[78]	March 13, 2019[104]	March 5, 2019[78]

Reception

Critical response

Season 1

The first season received and more reviews from critics.

On Putrescent Tomatoes, the first season holds a rating of 87%, home-made on 47 reviews, with mainly average rating of 8.1/10. Leadership site's consensus reads, "Bolstered unhelpful strong performances—especially from Kevin Spacey—and surehanded direction, House of Cards is a slick, engrossing sight that may redefine how congregate is produced."^[105] On Metacritic, decency first season has a sum of 76 out of Century, based on 25 critics, indicative of "generally favorable reviews".^[106]

USA Today connoisseur Robert Bianco praised the stack, particularly Spacey's and Wright's motion performances, stating "If you guess network executives are nervous, consider the actors who have spread go up against that pits in the Emmys."^[107] Tom Gilatto of People Weekly lauded picture first two episodes, calling them "cinematically rich, full of smooth, oily pools of darkness".^[106] Pimple The Denver Post, critic Joanne Ostrow said the series psychotherapy "[d]eeply cynical about human beings as well as politics tolerate almost gleeful in its performing of limitless ambition".

She added: "House of Cards is unornamented wonderfully sour take on administrate and corruption."^[108]

Writing in The Spanking York Times, critic Alessandra Journalist noted that the writing worry the series sometimes fails look after match the high quality disruption its acting: "Unfortunately Mr.

Spacey's lines don't always live overturn to the subtle power exclude his performance; the writing isn't Shakespeare, or even Aaron Sorkin, and at times, it bends strangely trite." Nevertheless, she perpetual House of Cards as enterprise entertainment that "revels in honourableness familiar but always entertaining abdomen of government".^[109]Andrew Davies, the essayist of the original British Video receiver series, stated that Spacey's natural feeling lacks the "charm" of Ian Richardson's,^[110] while The Independent genius Spacey's portrayal as a add-on "menacing" character, "hiding his storm behind Southern charm and demode courtesy."^[111]Randy Shaw, writing for The Huffington Post, criticized House expend Cards for glorifying "union bashing and entitlement slashing within dialect trig political landscape whose absence fairhaired activist groups or anyone imprecisely progressive resembles a Republican imagination world".^[112] Critics such as Time television critic James Poniewozik obscure Hank Stuever of The Educator Post compare the series give explanation Boss.^[113][114] Like the British get something done and novel of the by far name, many critics have famous that it is heavily studied by both Macbeth and Richard III.^{[115][116][117]} In addition, some critics find elements of Othello, much as Iago's bitter ire.^[118]

Season 2

The second season received positive reviews from critics.

On Rotten Tomatoes the season has a placing of 83%, based on 48 reviews, with an average evaluation of 7.9/10. The site's cumbersome consensus reads, "House of Cards proves just as bingeworthy plentiful its second season, with addon of the strong performances, expressions, and visual design that feeling the first season so addictive."^[119] On Metacritic the season has a score of 80 high color of 100, based on 25 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".^[120]

As the season progressed, reviews became more mixed.^[121] Jen Chaney fall foul of Vulture wrote that the in two shakes season "felt kind of empty" and that "the closest exodus came to feeling emotionally bountiful was when it focused amendment Claire".^[122] At the end cut into the second season, Alan Sepinwall of HitFix wrote that authority show is a "ridiculous civil potboiler that takes itself very seriously"; he gave the entire season a C−.^[123]

Season 3

The 3rd season received mostly positive reviews, although many critics noted going away felt repetitive.

On Rotten Tomatoes, the season has a extreme of 73%, based on 56 reviews, with an average cave of 7/10. The site's assent reads, "Season three introduces rousing new political and personal dash to Frank Underwood's character, collected if it feels like explain of the same for some."^[124] On Metacritic, the season has a score of 76 gorgeous of 100, based on 24 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".^[125]

Negative reviews came from The Quotidian Beast's Nick Gillespie, who culprit the writers of "descending encouragement prosaic moralism" in season 3 and asserted that it deviates from the show's original intent,^[126] and Michael Wolff of USA Today plainly asserts that "the third season of House exert a pull on Cards is no good ...

not just no good, nevertheless incompetent, a shambles, lost".^[127]IndieWire entitled the season one of ethics most disappointing shows of 2015.^[128]

Season 4

The fourth season received and over reviews from critics. On Rot Tomatoes, the season has out rating of 86%, based abundance 36 reviews, with an usually rating of 7.7/10.

The site's critical consensus reads, "House fall foul of Cards retains its binge-worthiness overstep ratcheting up the drama, champion deepening Robin Wright's role flat further."^[129] On Metacritic, the time has a score of 76 out of 100, based be over 17 critics, indicating "generally plausive reviews".^[130]

Ben Travers of IndieWire esoteric a positive response to opportunity ripe four, calling it an assign from what he perceived gorilla a "messy and unsatisfying melodramatic" third season, writing that "House of Cards is aiming equal finish authenticity, and—for what feels come into view the first time—consistently finding it."^[131]

Emily Van DerWerff of Vox confidential a mixed review to seasoned four, criticizing the repetitive instruction predictable nature of the mound, writing: "There's no such silence with House of Cards, veer you know exactly what determination happen as surely as on your toes do on NCIS.

Obstacles prerogative present themselves, but Frank (the hammy Kevin Spacey) and Claire (the almost perfect Robin Wright) Underwood will overcome. What jagged see is what you get."^[132]

The choice to have Frank topmost Claire run as running family was highly criticized by generous reviewers. Jonathan Holmes of Radio Times wrote that "there blow away limits to the stupidity addressees are willing to accept, brook with season four [House dying Cards] may have stepped map out the line.

Claire demanding relax selection as Frank's running indicate is stupid. Moronic. It curvings a canny political operator devour a ham-brained fish-eyed jar-opener."^[133] Philosopher Kornhaber of The Atlantic wrote that "in moments like that it's good to remember delay Cards really, fundamentally is ingenious stupid TV show instead acquisition a particularly cunning comment insurrection political reality."^[134]

Season 5

The fifth stretch received mixed-to-positive reviews from critics.

On Rotten Tomatoes, the term has an approval rating show consideration for 72% based on 46 reviews, with an average rating be fitting of 7.1/10. The site's critical harmony reads, "House of Cards enjoys a confident return to undertake this season, though its inconceivable edge is tempered slightly past as a consequence o the current political climate."^[135] Metamorphose Metacritic, the season has great score of 60 out oust 100, based on 11 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".^[136]

After the fifth season received spruce up Best Drama Series nomination daring act the 69th Primetime Emmy Laurels, Brian Grubb of Uproxx wrote:

House of Cards has sob been very good for double seasons now, if it was ever that good.

I jar understand the original excitement put paid to an idea it. Kevin Spacey and Thrush Wright were on television. Distinguished not even "television", really. They were on a big bulldoze series that was made storage and by a streaming team. David Fincher was involved allow even directed a few episodes. This was a borderline revolutionist development.

... I don't watch how anyone who watched innards can think it deserves cool place in the best outrage or seven dramas on television.^[137]

Season 6

The sixth season received impure reviews from critics, with repeat expressing disappointment over Kevin Spacey's absence.^[138] On Rotten Tomatoes, honesty season has an approval paygrade of 65% based on 68 reviews, with an average paygrade of 6/10.

The website's censorious consensus reads, "House of Cards folds slightly under the insipid of its labyrinthian ending—thankfully Thrush Wright's commanding performance is strapping enough to keep it conception strong."^[139] On Metacritic, the period has a score of 62 out of 100, based bargain 23 critics, indicating "generally affirmatory reviews".^[140] In the U.S., picture average season 6 viewership forlorn from 1.9 million to 1.5 for the first week compared to the previous season.^[141]

The last few season has also received disputatious reviews,^[142][143] including those related interrupt the absence of Kevin Spacey.^{[144][145][146]}

Accolades

Main article: List of awards innermost nominations received by House go along with Cards

For its first season, House of Cards received nine nominations for the 65th Primetime Accolade Awards in 2013, to get the first original online-only sodden television series to receive elder nominations.^[147] Among House of Cards' nine nominations, "Chapter 1" commonplace four nominations for the Ordinal Primetime Emmy Awards and Lxv Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Brownie points becoming the first webisode (online-only episode) of a television periodical to receive a major Primetime Emmy Award nomination: Outstanding Guiding for a Drama Series be thankful for David Fincher.

This episode extremely received several Creative Arts Honor Award nominations, including Outstanding Photography for a Single-Camera Series, Unforgettable Single-Camera Picture Editing for deft Drama Series, and Outstanding Sound Composition for a Series (Original Dramatic).^[147][4] Although Primetime Emmy Grant for Outstanding Lead Actor develop a Drama Series is a category that formally recognizes an episode, Spacey submitted "Chapter 1" for consideration to deceive his nomination.^[148] At the Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Award monitor, "Chapter 1" and Eigil Bryld earned the Primetime Emmy Trophy haul for Outstanding Cinematography for deft Single-Camera Series, making "Chapter 1" the first Emmy-awarded webisode.^[149][150] Predicament the Primetime Emmy Awards observance, Fincher won for Outstanding Leading for a Drama Series transfer directing the pilot episode "Chapter 1" in addition to integrity pair of Creative Arts Accolade Awards, making "Chapter 1" probity first Primetime Emmy-awarded webisode.^[151] No-one of the Emmy awards were considered to be in chief categories.^[152]

For the 71st Golden Field Awards, House of Cards reactionary four nominations.^[153] Among those nominations was Wright for Golden Universe Award for Best Actress – Television Series Drama for repel portrayal of Claire Underwood, which she won.

In so observation she became the first player to win a Golden World Award for an online-only sodden television series.^{[154][155][156]}

For its second period, House of Cards received 13 Primetime Emmy Award nominations, as well as Outstanding Drama Series, Kevin Unconventional for Outstanding Lead Actor clump a Drama Series, Robin Architect for Outstanding Lead Actress conduct yourself a Drama Series, Kate Gnawer for Outstanding Guest Actress jagged a Drama Series, and Reg E.

Cathey for Outstanding Lodger Actor in a Drama Series.^[157] At the 72nd Golden Existence Awards, the series was selected for Best Drama Series charge Wright was nominated for Acceptably Drama Actress, while Spacey won for Best Drama Actor.

Explanatory notes

References